I agree philosophy is about clarity and I agree with your analysis of the failures to explain the relationship between God and evil.

However, I think the 20th-century philosophers I like and respect clearly answer the question you pose about God and evil. The answer is beyond our understanding. There are some questions we can't answer, and it is the role of philosophy to tell us that.

You say philosophy doesn't have all the answers. I say "we can't know" is in fact an answer. The fact people don't feel answered is their failure, not philosophy's.

(btw *why* we can't know is something both good philosophy and good Christian theology can explain.)